Connecticut Judicial Branch Law Libraries

 

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Discovery (Financial)

in Family Matters
A Guide to Resources in the Law Library – 2009 Edition

 

 

 

·         Discovery in Family Matters: “The provisions of Sections 13-1 through 13-11 inclusive, 13-13 through 13-16 inclusive, and 13-17 through 13-32 of the rules of practice inclusive, shall apply to family matters as defined in Section 25-1.”  Conn. Practice Book § 25-31 (2009).

·         Scope of Discovery: “In any civil action, in any probate appeal, or in any administrative appeal where the judicial authority finds it reasonably probable that evidence outside the record will be required, a party may obtain in accordance with the provisions of this chapter discovery of information or disclosure, production and inspection of papers, books or documents material to the subject matter involved in the pending action, which are not privileged, whether the discovery or disclosure relates to the claim or defense of the party seeking discovery or to the claim or defense of any other party, and which are within the knowledge, possession or power of the party or person to whom the discovery is addressed.” Conn. Practice Book  § 13-2 (2009)

·         When Permitted: “Discovery shall be permitted if the disclosure sought would be of assistance in the prosecution or defense of the action and if it can be provided by the disclosing party or person with substantially greater facility than it could otherwise be obtained by the party seeking disclosure. It shall not be ground for objection that the information sought will be inadmissible at trial if the information sought appears reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. Written opinions of health care providers concerning evidence of medical negligence, as provided by General Statutes § 52-190a, shall not be subject to discovery except as provided in that section.” Conn. Practice Book  § 13-2 (2009).

 

 These guides are provided with the understanding that they represent only a beginning to research.

 

 

Sections:
 
§ 1. Mandatory Disclosure and Discovery in General 
§ 2.  Postjudgment Discovery

 

Tables:

 

Table 1. Mandatory Disclosure and Production

 

Table 2. Protective and Related Orders – Discovery in Family Matters

 


Section1

Mandatory Disclosure and
Discovery in General

A Guide to Resources in the Law Library

 

SCOPE:

Bibliographic resources relating to the purpose and scope of discovery in general.

 

DEFINITIONS:

·         Discovery: A formal request by one party in a lawsuit to disclose information or facts known by other parties or witnesses.
Common Legal Words, compiled by the Connecticut Judicial Branch.

·         Purpose of discovery in general: “The new rules . . .  invest the deposition-discovery process with a vital role in the preparation for trial. The various instruments of discovery now serve (1) as a device . . . to narrow and clarify the basic issues between the parties, and (2) as a device for ascertaining the facts, or information as to the existence or whereabouts of facts, relative to those issues. Thus civil trials . . . no longer need be carried on in the dark. the way is now clear, consistent with recognized privileges, for the parties to obtain the fullest possible knowledge of the issues and facts before trial.” Hickman v. Taylor, 329 U.S. 495, 501 (1947).

·         Mandatory disclosure and production: “Unless otherwise ordered by the judicial authority for good cause shown, upon request by a party involved in an action for dissolution of marriage or civil union, legal separation, annulment or support, or a postjudgment motion for modification of alimony or support, opposing parties shall exchange the following documents within thirty days of such request . . . .” Practice Book § 25-32(a) (2009).

·         Request: “means any application to the court which shall be granted by the clerk by operation of these rules unless timely objection is filed.” Practice Book  § 11-2 (2009).

·         Interrogatories: “are written questions propounded by one party and served on adversary, who must serve written answers thereto under oath.” Neske v. Burns, 149 A. 761 (1930).

·         Deposition: “is the written testimony of a witness given in the course of a judicial proceeding and may be used at trial to test the credibility of the deponent as he testifies…It may also be used in order to refresh the recollection of a witness…A deposition is testimony which remains in the custody of the clerk of the court and is not an exhibit unless offered into evidence.” Rybinski v. Supermarkets General Corp, 2 Conn.App. 494, 495-496, 479 A.2d 1242, 1243 (1984). (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.)

COURT RULES:

·         Conn. Practice Book. (2009).

Chapter 13. Discovery and Depositions

§ 13-1. Definitions

§ 13-2. Scope of discovery; In general

Chapter 25. Superior Court —Procedure in Family Matters

§ 25-31. Discovery and Depositions

§ 25-32. Mandatory disclosure and production

§ 25-56. Production of Documents at Hearing or Trial

 

COURT CASES:

·         Weinstein v. Weinstein, 275 Conn 671, 882 A.2d 53 (2005). “‘Finally, the principle of full and frank disclosure . . . is essential to our strong policy that the private settlement of the financial affairs of estranged marital partners is a goal that courts should support rather than undermine. . . . That goal requires, in turn, that reasonable settlements have been knowingly agreed upon…. Our support of that goal will be effective only if we instill confidence in marital litigants that we require, as a concomitant of the settlement process, such full and frank disclosure from both sides, for then they will be more willing to [forgo] their combat and to settle their dispute privately, secure in the knowledge that they have all the essential information. . . . This principle will, in turn, decrease the need for extensive discovery, and will thereby help to preserve a greater measure of the often sorely tried marital assets for the support of all of the family members.’ (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) Billington v. Billington, 220 Conn. 212, 219-22, 595 A.2d 1377 (1991).”

·         Ramin v. Ramin, 281 Conn. 324, 915 A.2d. 790 (2007). “First, it would be grossly unfair to the plaintiff to require her to establish precisely how she was harmed in proving her case by not having access to the extensive list of already ordered discovery materials to which she never gained access solely as a result of the court's refusal to consider her motion… Second, placing the burden in this respect on the defendant who failed to comply fully with the court's orders is consistent with our decision in Billington v. Billington, supra, 220 Conn. 221, in which we articulated the requirement of full and frank mutual disclosure in marital cases.”

FORMS:

·         Library of Connecticut Family Law Forms, Thomas D. Colin, Editor. (2008).

Form #

003-001 Notice of Deposition

003-002 Subpoena Duces Tecum for a Deposition

003-003 Subpoena Duces Tecum for a Hearing/Trial

003-004 Subpoena Ad Testificandum

003-005 Request for Interrogatories

003-006 Request for the Production and Inspection of Records

003-007 Request for Mandatory Disclosure and Production

003-008 Response to Request for Production of Documents

003-009 Coversheet Re: Response to Request for Production of Documents

003-010 Supplemental Response to Request for Production of Documents

003-011 Request to Produce at Hearing

003-012 Motion to Compel Response to Interrogatories and Requests for the Production of Documents

003-013 Motion for Appointment of Commission to Take the Deposition of a Nonresident

003-014 Motion for Issuance of a Capias

003-015 Motion to Quash Subpoena and for Protective Order

003-016 Motion for Protective Order Re: Deposition

003-017 Motion to Preclude Expert Witness

003-018  Request to Admit

003-01 Coversheet Re: Request to Admit

003-020 Request for Extension of Time

003-021 Confidentiality Agreement

003-022 Letter to Client Re: Returning Client’s Documents

003-023 Letter to Client Re: Deposition Transcript and Errata Sheet

003-024 Letter to Witness Re: Postponed Deposition

003-025 Motion to Appoint Discovery Special Master

003-026 Motion for Order of Compliance

 

·         7 Arnold H. Rutkin and Kathleen A. Hogan, Connecticut Practice Series, Family Law and Practice with Forms (1999).

Chapter 21. Disclosures and discovery

§ 21.3. Interrogatories

§ 21.4 —Form

§ 21.5 Requests for Production, Inspection and Examination

§ 21.6. Request for Production—Form

§ 21.11. Notice of Deposition—Form

§ 21.12. Client notification letter and instruction sheet regarding deposition—Form

§ 21.13. Request for Production at Deposition

§ 21.14. Motion to Quash Request for Production at Deposition—Form

§ 21.15. Motion for Videotape Deposition—Form

§ 21.16. Motion to Take Out of State Deposition—Form

§ 21.21. Motion for Protective Order—Form

§ 21-23. Notice of Supplemental Compliance—Form

·         2 Arnold H. Rutkin, Gen. Editor, Family Law and Practice (2007).

Chapter 13. Financial discovery

§ 13.10. Sample discovery forms

[1] FORM: Sample Discovery Letter

[2] FORM: Sample Notice to Produce

[3] FORM: Sample Motion for Discovery

·         1 FAMILY LAW PRACTICE IN CONNECTICUT (1996)

Chapter 4. Motion Practice in Matrimonial Action

§ 4.30. Interrogatories and Requests for Production

§ 4.31. Motion for Compliance

§ 4.32. Sanctions

§ 4.33. Protective Orders

§ 4.34. Notice of Deposition

§ 4.35. Motion to Quash

§ 4.36. Deposition by Videotape

§ 4.37. Commission to Take Out-of-State Deposition

 

CHECKLISTS:

·         2 Arnold H. Rutkin, Gen. Editor, Family Law and Practice (2007).

Chapter 13. Financial discovery

§ 13.02[2]. Requests for Production Checklist

 

TEXTS & TREATISES:

·         7 Arnold H. Rutkin and Kathleen A. Hogan, Connecticut Practice Series, Family Law and Practice with Forms (1999).

Chapter 21. Disclosures and discovery

§ 21.1  In general

§ 21.2 Mandatory Disclosure and Production

·         Civil Discovery Practice in Connecticut (1995)

Chapter 1. The Practical Applications of Connecticut Discovery Rules

Chapter 2. Limitations on Discovery

·         1 Family Law Practice In Connecticut (1996)

Chapter 4. Motion Practice in Matrimonial Action

§ 4.29. Discovery Techniques

§ 4.30. Interrogatories and Requests for Production

§ 4.31. Motion for Compliance

§ 4.32. Sanctions

§ 4.33. Protective Orders

§ 4.34. Notice of Deposition

§ 4.35. Motion to Quash

§ 4.36. Deposition by Videotape

§ 4.37. Commission to Take Out-of-State Deposition

·         2 Arnold H. Rutkin, Gen. Editor, Family Law and Practice (2007).

Chapter 13. Financial Discovery

§ 13.01. Introduction to financial discovery

§ 13.02. Obtaining basic information

§ 13.03. Barriers to obtaining information

§ 13.04. Analysis of data

§ 13.05. Discovery of business interests

§ 13.06. Financial statements

§ 13.07. Federal tax returns

§ 13.08. Stockbroker statements

§ 13.09. Bank records

§ 13.10. Sample discovery forms

 

CURRENT COMPILER:

Christopher Roy, Connecticut Judicial Branch Law Library at New Britain,
20 Franklin Square, New Britain, CT 06051. (860) 515-5110. Email

 

* Originally compiled by Lawrence Cheeseman, retired Connecticut Judicial Branch Supervising Law Librarian.

 


 


 Table 1
Mandatory Disclosure and Production

Conn. Practice Book  § 25-32 (2009)

[Emphasis added.]

 

 

(a)

 

Unless otherwise ordered by the judicial authority for good cause shown, upon request by a party involved in an action for dissolution of marriage or civil union, legal separation, annulment or support, or a postjudgment motion for modification of alimony or support, opposing parties shall exchange the following documents within thirty days of such request:

 

 

(1)

 

all federal and state income tax returns filed within the last three years, including personal returns and returns filed on behalf of any partnership or closely-held corporation of which a party is a partner or shareholder;

 

(2)

 

IRS forms W-2, 1099 and K-1 within the last three years including those for the past year if the income tax returns for that year have not been prepared;

 

 

(3)

 

copies of all pay stubs or other evidence of income for the current year and the last pay stub from the past year;

 

 

(4)

 

statements for all accounts maintained with any financial institution, including banks, brokers and financial managers, for the past 24 months;

 

 

(5)

 

the most recent statement showing any interest in any Keogh, IRA, profit sharing plan, deferred compensation plan, pension plan, or retirement account;

 

 

(6)

 

the most recent statement regarding any insurance on the life of any party;

 

 

(7)

 

a summary furnished by the employer of the party's medical insurance policy, coverage, cost of coverage, spousal benefits, and COBRA costs following dissolution;

 

 

(8)

 

any written appraisal concerning any asset owned by either party

 

 

(b)

 

Such duty to disclose shall continue during the pendency of the action should a party appear. This section shall not preclude discovery under any other provisions of these rules.

 

 

 


 


Table 2
 Protective and Related Orders – Discovery in Family Matters

“Connecticut's rules of practice provide that depositions, after transcription, are to be sealed and not to be delivered to court until the time of trial. Practice Book § 13-30(e). A deposition is not an ‘open’ proceeding. Lupone v. Lupone, Superior Court, judicial district of New Haven, Docket No. 446200 (July 3, 2001) (Pittman, J.) citing Seattle Times Co. v. Rhinehart, supra, 467 U.S. 20. Similarly, neither interrogatories and answers to interrogatories; Practice Book §§ 13-6 and 13-7; nor requests for or notices of requests for production and responses are filed with the court. Practice Book §§ 13-9 and 13-10.”
Welch v. Welch, 48 Conn. Sup. 19, 828 A.2d 707 (2003).

 

Conn. Practice Book  § 13-5. Protective Order


Upon motion by a party from whom discovery is sought, and for good cause shown, the judicial authority may make any order which justice requires to protect a party from annoyance, embarrassment, oppression, or undue burden or expense, including one or more of the following: (1) that the discovery not be had; (2) that the discovery may be had only on specified terms and conditions, including a designation of the time or place; (3) that the discovery may be had only by a method of discovery other than that selected by the party seeking discovery; (4) that certain matters not be inquired into, or that the scope of the discovery be limited to certain matters; (5) that discovery be conducted with no one present except persons designated by the judicial authority; (6) that a deposition after being sealed be opened only by order of the judicial authority; (7) that a trade secret or other confidential research, development, or commercial information not be disclosed or be disclosed only in a designated way; (8) that the parties simultaneously file specified documents or information enclosed in sealed envelopes to be opened as directed by the judicial authority.

Conn. Practice Book  § 25-59A(c)

Sealing Files or Limiting Disclosure of Documents in Family Matters


Upon written motion of any party, or upon its own motion, the judicial authority may order that files, affidavits, documents, or other materials on file or lodged with the court or in connection with a court proceeding be sealed or their disclosure limited only if the judicial authority concludes that such order is necessary to preserve an interest which is determined to override the public's interest in viewing such materials. The judicial authority shall first consider reasonable alternatives to any such order and any such order shall be no broader than necessary to protect such overriding interest. An agreement of the parties to seal or limit the disclosure of documents on file with the court or filed in connection with a court proceeding shall not constitute a sufficient basis for the issuance of such an order.

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 46b-11

Closed Hearings and Records.


Any case which is a family relations matter may be heard in chambers or, if a jury case, in a courtroom from which the public and press have been excluded, if the judge hearing the case determines that the welfare of any children involved or the nature of the case so requires. The records and other papers in any family relations matter may be ordered by the court to be kept confidential and not to be open to inspection except upon order of the court or judge thereof for cause shown. (Emphasis added.)

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 46b-49

Private Hearing.


When it considers it necessary in the interests of justice and the persons involved, the court shall, upon the motion of either party or of counsel for any minor children, direct the hearing of any matter under this chapter and sections 17b-743, 17b-744, 45a-257, 46b-1, 46b-6, 47-14g, 51-348a and 52-362 to be private. The court may exclude all persons except the officers of the court, a court reporter, the parties, their witnesses and their counsel.


Section 2

Postjudgment Discovery

A Guide to Resources in the Law Library

 

SCOPE:

Bibliographic resources relating to postjudgment discovery in family matters.

 

DEFINITIONS:

·         Scope of Discovery: “In any civil action, in any probate appeal, or in any administrative appeal where the judicial authority finds it reasonably probable that evidence outside the record will be required, a party may obtain in accordance with the provisions of this chapter discovery of information or disclosure, production and inspection of papers, books or documents material to the subject matter involved in the pending action, which are not privileged, whether the discovery or disclosure relates to the claim or defense of the party seeking discovery or to the claim or defense of any other party, and which are within the knowledge, possession or power of the party or person to whom the discovery is addressed.” Conn. Practice Book  § 13-2 (2009) (Emphasis added.)

·         Discovery in Family Matters: “The provisions of Sections 13-1 through 13-11 inclusive, 13-13 through 13-16 inclusive, and 13-17 through 13-32 of the rules of practice inclusive, shall apply to family matters as defined in Section 25-1.”  Conn. Practice Book  § 25-31 (2009).

SEE ALSO:

 

·         Post-Judgment Proceedings in Connecticut Family Matters (Research Guide)


http://www.jud.ct.gov/lawlib/Notebooks/Pathfinders/PostJudgment.pdf

COURT RULES:

·         Conn. Practice Book. (2009).

Chapter 13. Discovery and Depositions

§ 13-1. Definitions

§ 13-2. Scope of discovery; In general

§ 13-15. Continuing Duty to Disclose

Chapter 25. Superior Court —Procedure in Family Matters

§ 25-31. Discovery and Depositions

COURT CASES:

·         Oneglia v. Oneglia, 14 Conn.App. 267, 540 A.2d 713 (1988). “In family matters,
the court exercises its equitable powers. The balancing of equities is a matter 
which falls within the discretion of the trial court. . . .For that reason, 
equitable remedies are not bound by formula but are molded to the needs of 
justice.” (Citations omitted.)
 
·         Mattson v. Mattson, 74 Conn. App. 242, 811 A.2d 256 (2002). “We note, 
however, that we previously have rejected a claim identical to the 
defendant's, i.e., that a party seeking to open a judgment of dissolution on 
the basis of allegations of fraud has a right to conduct discovery based only
on its filing of a motion to open. Oneglia v. Oneglia, 14 Conn. App. 267, 269,
540 A.2d 713 (1988). As we explained, ‘[t]his is clearly an incorrect premise; 
until the court acts on a motion to open, the earlier judgment is still intact and
neither our rules of practice nor our statutes provide for such a thing as
postjudgment discovery.’ Id. ‘If the [defendant] was able to substantiate [his]
allegations of fraud beyond mere suspicion, then the court would open the 
judgment for the limited purpose of discovery, and would later issue an 
ultimate decision on the motion to open after discovery had been completed 
and another hearing held.’ Id., 270. Because the defendant in this case was 
unable to meet that minimal evidentiary threshold, the court's ruling was 
proper.”
 
·         Nolan v. Nolan, 76 Conn. App. 583, 821 A.2d 772 (2003). “The court 
conducted a postjudgment probable cause hearing to determine whether any 
discovery, beyond the testimony of the parties, should be allowed in the 
future to substantiate the plaintiff's allegations of fraud. As a matter 
preliminary to such discovery, a plaintiff has the burden to substantiate 
allegations of fraud that are sufficient to open the judgment. Oneglia v. 
Oneglia, 14 Conn. App. 267, 269, 540 A.2d 713 (1988).”
 
·         Weinstein v. Weinstein, 275 Conn 671, 882 A.2d 53 (2005). “Thus, as our
case law for the last fifteen years makes clear, the duty to disclose
continued until the judgment of dissolution was final.
 
   In the present case, however, because the defendant filed a motion for
reconsideration, the judgment ultimately did not become final until the
dissolution court acted on his motion.”
 
·         Port v. Port, FA04-4002839-S, Conn. Super. Ct., J.D. of Fairfield at Bridgeport 
(Jun. 2, 2006). “To prevail in an Oneglia hearing, the movant must 
substantiate his claim of fraud on the part of the defendant, beyond a mere 
suspicion. Oneglia v. Oneglia, 14 Conn.App. 26, 540 A.2d 713 (1988). If the 
moving party prevails the judgment is opened for the limited purpose of  
discovery. A second hearing is then conducted to determine whether there 
was fraud, based on the clear and convincing evidence standard.”

 

TEXTS & TREATISES:

·         7 Arnold H. Rutkin and Kathleen A. Hogan, Connecticut Practice Series, Family Law and Practice with Forms (1999).

Chapter 52.

§ 52.7  Motion to Reopen or Set Aside Judgment on the Basis of Fraud

§ 52.9. Request for New Trial

COMPILER:

Christopher Roy, Connecticut Judicial Branch Law Library at New Britain,
20 Franklin Square, New Britain, CT 06051. (860) 515-5110. Email

 

 

Connecticut Judicial Branch Law Libraries